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Roofs Wiki is the free encyclopedia dedicated to all aspects of roofing. From residential shingles to commercial flat roofs, we cover roofing materials, installation techniques, maintenance practices, and repair methods.

Roofing Materials

Asphalt Shingles

Asphalt shingles are the most common roofing material in North America, found on approximately 80% of homes.

Types:

• 3-Tab Shingles - Traditional, economical option with a flat appearance
• Architectural Shingles - Dimensional shingles with enhanced aesthetics and durability
• Luxury Shingles - Premium shingles that mimic slate or cedar shake

Lifespan: 15-30 years depending on quality and climate

Metal Roofing

Metal roofing has grown significantly in popularity due to its longevity and energy efficiency.

Common Materials:

• Steel - Most affordable, available with various coatings
• Aluminum - Lightweight, naturally corrosion-resistant
• Copper - Premium material that develops distinctive patina
• Zinc - Self-healing properties, extremely long-lasting

Lifespan: 40-70+ years

Tile Roofing

Tile roofing includes clay and concrete options, popular in Mediterranean and Spanish-style architecture.

• Clay Tiles - Traditional, excellent in hot climates
• Concrete Tiles - More affordable alternative to clay
• Slate - Natural stone, premium durability

Lifespan: 50-100+ years

Flat Roofing Systems

Flat roofing is common for commercial buildings and modern residential designs.

• TPO (Thermoplastic Polyolefin) - Energy-efficient, heat-welded seams
• EPDM (Rubber Roofing) - Durable synthetic rubber membrane
• Built-Up Roofing (BUR) - Multiple layers of bitumen and reinforcing fabrics
• Modified Bitumen - Asphalt-based with added polymers

Roof Components

Component	Function
Decking	Structural base (typically plywood or OSB) that supports roofing materials
Underlayment	Water-resistant barrier between decking and outer roofing material
Flashing	Metal pieces that prevent water intrusion at joints and penetrations
Ventilation	Ridge vents, soffit vents, and other systems for proper airflow
Drip Edge	Metal edging that directs water away from fascia
Ice and Water Shield	Self-adhering membrane for leak-prone areas

Roof Maintenance

Regular maintenance extends roof life and prevents costly repairs:

Annual Inspection Checklist

• Check for missing, cracked, or curling shingles
• Inspect flashing around chimneys, vents, and skylights
• Clean gutters and downspouts
• Look for moss, algae, or debris accumulation
• Check attic for signs of leaks or inadequate ventilation

Common Problems

• Leaks - Often caused by damaged flashing or worn shingles
• Ice Dams - Result of poor attic insulation and ventilation
• Ponding Water - Common on flat roofs with inadequate drainage
• Wind Damage - Lifted or missing shingles after storms
• Biological Growth - Moss and algae that retain moisture

Roof Installation

Process Overview

1. Inspection and Planning - Assess existing structure and determine materials
2. Tear-Off - Remove old roofing materials (if applicable)
3. Deck Repair - Replace damaged decking
4. Underlayment Installation - Apply water-resistant barrier
5. Flashing Installation - Secure metal flashing at vulnerable points
6. Roofing Material Installation - Apply shingles, tiles, or membrane
7. Ridge Cap and Finishing - Complete ridge and hip areas
8. Cleanup and Inspection - Final quality check

Choosing a Roofing Contractor

When selecting a professional roofer, consider:

• Licensing and Insurance - Verify proper credentials and liability coverage
• Experience - Look for established companies with proven track records
• References - Request and check recent customer references
• Written Estimates - Get detailed quotes specifying materials and scope
• Warranty - Understand both material and workmanship warranties
• Local Reputation - Check reviews and Better Business Bureau ratings

Browse by Category

• - All types of roofing products
• - Step-by-step procedures
• - Care and upkeep information
• - Fixing common problems
• - Large-scale systems
• - Home roofing topics