Wood Shingles and Shakes
From Roofs Wiki
Wood Shingles and Shakes
Wood shingles and shakes are natural roofing materials typically made from western red cedar, costing $8–$14 per square foot installed with a lifespan of 30–50 years. Shingles are machine-sawn for a smooth, uniform appearance, while shakes are hand-split for a thicker, more rustic texture. Cedar roofing provides natural insulation (R-value of 0.97 per inch, twice that of asphalt) and contains natural oils that resist moisture, decay, and insect damage. When treated with fire retardant, wood roofing can achieve a Class B or Class A fire rating.
What are the characteristics of wood shingles and shakes?
- Material: Commonly made from cedar, redwood, or pine
- Appearance: Shingles are smooth and uniform; shakes are rougher and irregular
- Insulation: Natural thermal resistance due to air pockets in the wood
- Environmental Appeal: Biodegradable and derived from renewable resources
Types of Wood Roofing
Wood Shingles
- Machine-sawn for consistent thickness and shape
- Lay flat and overlap precisely
- Offer a cleaner, more uniform appearance
Wood Shakes
- Hand-split or machine-split for a rough, textured look
- Thicker and more irregular than shingles
- Better suited for a rustic or historic design
What are the advantages of wood roofing?
- Natural Aesthetic: Unique, weathered appearance that enhances curb appeal
- Renewable Material: Sourced from forests managed for sustainability
- Lightweight: Puts less strain on the Roof Structure compared to heavier materials like Tile Roofing
- Good Insulation: Naturally insulative in both cold and warm climates
Disadvantages
- Maintenance-Intensive: Prone to rot, mold, and insect damage without proper care
- Fire Risk: Unless treated, wood is flammable and may be prohibited by some building codes
- Shorter Lifespan: Typically 20–30 years, shorter than options like Metal Roofing or Clay and Concrete Tiles
- Cost: High-quality shakes or shingles can be expensive to purchase and install
Installation Considerations
- Requires a ventilated roof deck and breathable underlayment
- Adequate spacing is needed for wood expansion and contraction
- Often installed with stainless steel or corrosion-resistant fasteners
- May require fire-retardant treatments in wildfire-prone regions
Environmental Impact
- Renewable and biodegradable
- Some manufacturers use FSC-certified lumber for sustainability
- Can be recycled or composted at end of life
- Qualifies for points toward LEED Certification if responsibly sourced
Ideal Applications
- Historic restorations or homes in heritage districts
- High-end residences with a rustic or natural design
- Structures in temperate climates where moisture is less of a threat
Maintenance and Care
- Clean debris and moss regularly to prevent moisture buildup
- Inspect for curling, cracking, or split shingles annually
- Apply preservative treatments to extend lifespan
- Ensure proper attic ventilation to reduce condensation under the roof
Alternatives to Consider
- Asphalt Shingles – Lower cost and easier maintenance
- Metal Roofing – Longer lifespan and fire-resistant
- Slate Roofing – Extremely durable but heavier and costlier
