Insulation
From Roofs Wiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
Insulation
Insulation refers to materials and techniques used to reduce heat transfer between the interior and exterior of a structure. It plays a critical role in improving Energy Efficiency, maintaining indoor comfort, and minimizing heating and cooling costs. In roofing systems, insulation also helps preserve the integrity of the Roof Structure and extends the lifespan of the overall building envelope.
Proper insulation is essential for both Residential Roofing and Commercial Roofing applications and is often paired with effective ventilation and moisture control systems.
Functions of Insulation
- Reduces thermal conductivity, keeping interiors warmer in winter and cooler in summer
- Minimizes energy loss through roofs, walls, and floors
- Prevents condensation and moisture buildup
- Supports acoustical control by reducing external noise
- Enhances HVAC system performance and lifespan
Types of Insulation Materials
1. Fiberglass
- One of the most commonly used materials
- Available in batts, rolls, and loose-fill forms
- Affordable and effective when properly installed
2. Mineral Wool (Rock Wool or Slag Wool)
- Fire-resistant and moisture-tolerant
- Often used in areas with higher thermal or acoustic requirements
3. Spray Foam Insulation
- Expands to fill gaps and seal air leaks
- Offers excellent air sealing and high R-value per inch
- Often used in attics and irregular roof cavities
4. Rigid Foam Boards
- Includes polyisocyanurate (Polyiso), extruded polystyrene (XPS), and expanded polystyrene (EPS)
- Common in Flat Roofs and low-slope commercial applications
- Ideal for Roof Insulation beneath membranes like TPO Roofing and EPDM Roofing
5. Cellulose Insulation
- Made from recycled paper treated for fire resistance
- Typically blown into cavities or attics
- Environmentally friendly with good thermal performance
6. Reflective and Radiant Barriers
- Reflect radiant heat instead of absorbing it
- Useful in hot climates and paired with other insulation types
- Commonly installed in attic spaces or under Metal Roofing
Where Insulation is Used in Roofing
- Between rafters in Sloped Roofs
- Over the roof deck in commercial flat roofs
- Under membranes in Single-Ply Roofing Membranes
- Around roof penetrations and wall transitions
Key Metrics: R-Value and U-Value
- R-Value measures thermal resistance — the higher, the better the insulation performance
- U-Value measures heat transfer — the lower, the better
- Local building codes often dictate minimum R-values for roofs
Environmental Impact
- Helps reduce building energy consumption and carbon footprint
- Many insulation products now use recycled content or low-emission manufacturing
- Contributes to LEED Certification and sustainable building goals
Related Challenges
- Improper installation can create thermal bridging or air leaks
- Moisture intrusion may degrade insulation effectiveness and lead to mold
- Compression of insulation lowers R-value and reduces performance
